Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a current major source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for cell transplantation therapy. Cell transplantation with HSCs derived from UCB is advantageous over transplantation with HSCs from adult tissues. However, the low number of HSC derived from a single unit of UCB limits its application. Thus, ex vivo expansion is a good option to create more UCB HSCs for clinical application. The strategies for HSC expansion in vitro focus on mimicking the composition and structure of HSC natural niche by enhancing self-renewal and inhibiting lineage differentiation of HSCs. In the past decade, the mechanisms of the interaction between HSC and the natural niche have been deeply investigated. This great progress in basic research has led to advancements in UCB HSC ex vivo expansion. In addition, the biological characteristics of the originally isolated UCB HSCs correlate with outcome of subsequent ex vivo expansion. In this paper, we summarize the late progress achieved in isolation and ex vivo expansion of UCB HSCs. Importantly, we attempt to provide an impact and practicable procedure to expand UCB HSC in vitro from isolation of original HSCs to identification of expanded HSCs.
Highlights
Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells is an important curative therapy for hematologic malignancies and nonmalignant hematologic disorders [1]
We summarize the late progress achieved in isolation and ex vivo expansion of Umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)
HSCs derived from umbilical cord blood have advantages inaccessible and hematopoiesis capacity over HSCs derived from adult tissues
Summary
Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells is an important curative therapy for hematologic malignancies and nonmalignant hematologic disorders [1]. The cell growth factors and cell development factors used in HSC ex vivo expansion were successfully identified from HSC niche cells [8] [16] [17] [18]. In the past ten years, chemical library screening based on HSC biological characteristics has identified some useful chemical compounds in HSC ex vivo expansion [20]. Among of those chemicals, SR-1 and UM171 have great potential in maintaining biological characters of expanded HSCs through their synergistic effects with the growth factor panel (SCF, TPO, Flt3-ligand) [19] [20]. Growth factors and chemicals are mostly applied in HSC expansion procedures.
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