Abstract
Peliosis a rare condition characterized by multiple blood-filled cavities within the parenchyma of solid organs mainly organs of mononuclear phagocytic system. Peliosis is associated with tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, disseminated cancer, previous thorium dioxide contrast injection, chronic hematological disorders, and many other conditions. Peliosis is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed as an incidental finding. Imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging are useful for diagnosis. On CT, hypoattenuating nodules with fluid-fluid levels are a unique feature for diagnosing peliosis. Although rare and asymptomatic most of the time, peliosis is an important condition to be aware of because rupture of the blood-filled cysts can lead to hemoperitoneum and ultimately be fatal. We reported a case of a 35-year-old male with isolated splenic peliosis with its rupture and resultant hemoperitoneum.
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