Islamic Economics: A Survey of the Literature

Abstract

Economics, as one of the sciences of the new age, deals with people and things and has the concepts and characteristics of the science of the new age, such as falsifiability and prediction. Economics disproves its theories through repeated experiments and experiments. "Islamic economy" is not scientific in the sense of a new science and it does not have scientific characteristics and features except (comparative concepts) which presents a different methodology for studying its principles. In Islamic economics, there are fixed and variable rules and concepts, and comparative concepts, and by accepting the "comparative concepts thesis", Islamic economics will be able to discuss what is and what should be, and while presenting the best economic system that is in accordance with human nature and God's commandments, develop new concepts and theories, or employ them and harmonize and adapt them with Islamic principles and ethics. The comparative concepts of Islamic economics have scientific characteristics and based on the principles of the subject, it explains behavioral patterns that are falsifiable. In this research, the analysis and interpretation of the nature of Islamic economy and the researchers conducted in this field have been done in the library method. This research shows that the extensive literature on the Islamic economic system is still being created and most of the issues have not been carefully considered. Many of the important issues raised in this paper are not resolved, but merely determined. However, such problems may be of interest not only to Islamic scholars, but also to Western experts in money and banking. By examining the specific issues of the Islamic economic system more closely, many important problems in the general economy as well as comparative economic systems can be solved.