Abstract
Two living populations of Islamia zermanica (Radoman) were found in the mid section of the Zrmanja River in Croatia. The species is endemic to the freshwater part of this river and is regarded as Critically Endangered/Possibly Extinct. Specimens of I. valvataeformis (Mollendorf) were collected at Slime, Croatia. The shell habitus, soft parts’ pigmentation and the terminal part of the penis confirmed their generic assignment and distinctness of the two Islamia species. Partial sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) confirmed the specific status of I. zermanica and I. valvataeformis, and their appurtenance to the same genus as the Italian I. piristoma Bodon et Cianfanelli. key words: protoconch, teleoconch, reproductive organs, DNA, cytochrome oxidase, phylogeny
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