Isatoic Anhydrides and Their Uses in Heterocyclic Synthesis

Abstract

This chapter focuses the use of Isatoic Anhydrides (IA) as a starting material for heterocyclic compounds. Other fields of application are not included: for example, reactions leading to open-chain anthranilic acid derivatives, use in the manufacture of agricultural chemicals, dyes, pigments, cross-linking agents and chain stoppers in resins and other uses in polymer and rubber chemistry, use as a modifier in protein and carbohydrate substrates (wool, paper, textiles), use as a petroleum additive (fuel and lubricants), use as a blowing agent for polymer foams, a flameproofing agent, and a corrosion inhibitor, use in metal finishing, for foods and beverages, soaps and detergents, perfumes, cosmetics, and use in pharmaceuticals and medicines. The chapter discusses the synthesis of IA and related compounds that includes three types of reactions. IA enters into condensation and substitution reactions with ease. The hetero ring is highly susceptible to cleavage and can be N-substituted with or without ring opening. The chapter discusses the formation of anthranilic acid amides and hydrazides and reactions to heterocycles.