Is there any relation between intrauterine growth restriction and platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet crit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV)? A prospective study

Cemile Dayangan Sayan,Mahmut İlkin Yeral

doi:10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.391962

Abstract

Aim: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is still an important pregnancy complication bringing on perinatal mortality and morbidity. Placental vascular dysfunction and subsequent obliteration of placental blood vessels are mostly accepted etiopathological factors of intrauterine growth restriction similar with preeclampsia. We aimed to investigate the possible difference between pregnant women suffering from intrauterine growth restriction and healty pregnant women for parameters of platelet count, platelet crit, platelet distribution crit and mean platelet volume. Material and Method: This case- control study was conducted with 179 pregnant women. The study population was consisted of 94 pregnant women complicated with idiopathic IUGR (study group) and 85 healty pregnant women (control group). IUGR group was divided in two subgroups according to umbilical artery doppler velocimetry measurements. Complete blood count parameters including hemoglobin, platelet count, platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet crit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups for parameters of hemoglobin, PC and PCT. The mean amniotic fluid index of IUGR group was significantly lower than the control group (p=0.000). The mean WBC, MPV and PDW levels of IUGR group were significantly higher than the control group (p=0.013, p=0.047 and 0.035, respectively). The mean MPV level of IUGR group 1(umbilical artery S/D˃3) was significantly higher than that of IUGR group 2 (umbilical artery S/D<3) (p=0.045). Conclusions: In the present study, we observed a significant difference between IUGR and healty pregnant women for platelet parameters of MPV and PDW. Beside this, we also observed higher MPV values in IUGR patients with increased umblical artery resistance compared to that in IUGR patients with normal umblical artery blood flow. Further studies are needed to discuss our results.

Highlights

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is still an important pregnancy complication bringing on perinatal mortality and morbidity and affects 10-15% of pregnant women [1]
There was no significant difference between the groups for parameters of hemoglobin, platelet count (PC) and platelet crit (PCT)
The mean white blood cell count (WBC), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) levels of IUGR group were significantly higher than the control group (p=0.013, p=0.047 and 0.035, respectively) (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is still an important pregnancy complication bringing on perinatal mortality and morbidity and affects 10-15% of pregnant women [1]. IUGR is mostly described as the estimated fetal weight (EFW), measured by ultrasonoghraphically, being under 10th percentile for gestational age using populationspecific fetal growth curves [2]. Prematurity is the first most frequent reason of the perinatal mortality and IUGR is the second. Stillbirth is a very annoying condition for the obstetricians and stillbirth rates of IUGR babies are 5-10 fold more frequent with an incidence of 23-65% than normal babies [1]. Various factors could affect the risk of fetal death with growth restriction such as gestational age, the amniotic fluid level, umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery doppler ultrasound evaluation and the etiology of IUGR [3]

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Conclusion