Abstract

A lot of science has passed under the bridge since the classic definition of evolution as a change in gene frequencies in a population became common. Much knowledge has accumulated since then about evolution, heredity, ecology, development, phenotypic plasticity, niche construction and genetic drift. Building on Van Valen’s description of evolution as “the control of development by ecology,” it is suggested that the classic definition be replaced by a updated ‘eco-evo-devo’ definition of evolution by natural selection which acknowledges this accumulation.

Highlights

  • Population genetics has long defined evolution as a change in gene, or more accurately, allele frequencies in a population

  • Many theories of speciation have been formulated in population genetics terms—theories invoking geographical isolation, ecological isolation or sexual selection whether alone, or in varying combinations and orders (Coyne 2004)

  • The meaning of the word “gene” has changed historically (Beurton, et al 2000; Rheinberger and Muller‐Willie 2004) and varies currently among biologists as survey research has shown (Stotz, et al 2004). This is so much the case that some biologists have taken to blogging about it (Moran 2007; http://sandwalk.blogspot.com/2007/01/what‐is‐gene.html)

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Summary

Introduction

Population genetics has long defined evolution as a change in gene, or more accurately, allele frequencies in a population. An ecological change induces some individual(s) of a preexisting hereditary background to develop differently morphologically, physiologically or behaviorally relative to others (possible because of extensive phenotypic plasticity, [Pigliucci 2001]), changing relative fitnesses, and the frequencies of hereditary elements.

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Conclusion

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