IS CARDIOVASCULAR RISK MORE IN DIABETICS BECAUSE OF LOWER APOLIPOPROTEIN A1 LEVELS RATHER THAN HIGHER APO B /APOA1 RATIO?

Abstract

Diabetics are known to have increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Apolipoprotein B/ A1 ratio is considered to be a good biochemical marker for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk assessment. The study was designed to estimate serum levels of apolipoprotein A1 , B and calculate Apo B/Apo A1 ratio in thirty diagnosed patients of type II diabetes attending the diabetic clinic in Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated SSK Hospital, comparing them with age and sex matched controls and assessing their significance levels. Fasting Plasma Glucose ,Apolipoprotein A1 and apolipoprotein B in serum were measured by on fully automated analyser SYNCHRON CX9 using Kit from Randox . Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 17.0.It was found that Fasting plasma glucose was significantly higher in the study group compared to control group (p<0.0001). Apolipoprotein A1 was lower in patients of diabetes mellitus as compared to controls and the difference was very highly significant p<0.0001. Apolipoprotein B levels as well as Apo B/Apo A1 were significantly higher in diabetics compared to controls with p<0.01 for both. It emerged from the study that apolipoprotein A1 levels are more significant compared to apolipoprotein B and ratio of Apo B/Apo A1 and therefore is a better assessor of CAD risk in diabetics.