Is Cardiometabolic Index a Predictive Marker for Renal Cell Cancer Aggressiveness?

Murat Dursun,Emin Ozbek,Huseyin Besiroglu,Alper Otunctemur

doi:10.14712/23362936.2019.6

Murat Dursun, Emin Ozbek + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2019.6

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Abstract

Studies show that metabolic syndrome is a factor for developing renal cell cancer (RCC) and tumour aggressiveness. In our study, we evaluated the association between renal cell cancer and cardiometabolic index (CMI) which meets the main components of the metabolic syndrome. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 310 consecutive patients with RCC who underwent radical nephrectomy at our institution. We evaluated the tumour size, histologic subtype, Fuhrman nuclear grade. CMI was calculated as the product of waist circumference (WC) to waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c). CMI were statistically higher in patients with tumour size ≥ 7 cm than those < 7 cm (p<0.05). Mean CMI level was 2.34 ± 0.84 in patients with high tumour size; and 1.18 ± 0.74 in the other group. The patients with high tumour size had higher TG levels, higher WC and lower HDL-c levels. Similarly, CMI levels were statistically higher in patients with Fuhrman grade 3 and 4 than patients with Fuhrman grade 1 and 2 (p<0.001). The patients with high Fuhrman grade had higher TG levels, higher WC and lower HDL-c levels. The simplicity of WC and height measurement and TG and HDL assessment make CMI an easily applicable index for the evaluation of cardiovascular dysfunction. The components of CMI may have effect on tumour carcinogenesis in similar pathways. In this context, CMI which meets the main components of the metabolic syndrome, can be a useful index for the evaluation and calculation of renal cell cancer aggressiveness.

Highlights

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of all adult malignancies, representing the seventh most common cancer in men and the ninth most common cancer in women
All of the components consisting of cardiometabolic index (CMI) are included in the criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS)
MetS is very common in developed countries, and its prevalence is likely to increase (Ford et al, 2002)

Summary

Introduction

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of all adult malignancies, representing the seventh most common cancer in men and the ninth most common cancer in women. Surgery remains the only curative treatment option in patients with localized RCC ( Jones and Libermann, 2007; Edge and Compton, 2010; Ljungberg et al, 2015). It is a disease typically presenting in elderly patients with the mean age at diagnosis being around 60 years (Patard et al, 2004). Other types of RCC are papillary (15%), chromophobe (5%), and collecting duct (Shanks, 1999; Rodriguez et al, 2005)

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