Abstract
Taking a European Union focus, this paper explicitly models competing uses of biomass to quantify its contribution toward a sustainable low carbon model of economic growth. To this end, a state-of-the-art multisector multiregion modelling tool is combined with a specially developed bio-based variant of a well-known global database. Employing a decomposition method of the market drivers and classifying alternative future pathways, the aim is to understand how public policies can influence the apparent trade-off between the goals of lower carbon economic growth, environmental preservation and sustainable biomass usage. Results reveal that in targeting specific societal goals public policy can be effective, although this can lead to broader economic issues of resource inefficiency and even direct policy conflicts.
Highlights
A key component of the European Union (EU) Bioeconomy Strategy [1,2] is to stimulate research and development activities which can identify and enhance knowledge of best practice in biomass usage across different end uses, thereby helping policymakers to reconcile the broad societal goals of wealth generation, employment, food security, environmental preservation and a sustainable low carbon economy
The focus is strictly on the performance of the EU bio-based sectors, where in large part, comparisons are drawn between the IL and OL policy narratives with the BL in the decade 2020–2030
The results show that policies, in isolation from one another, can achieve singular aims such as lower carbon energy technologies, environmentally responsible production techniques (CAP “greening”), or reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
Summary
A key component of the European Union (EU) Bioeconomy Strategy [1,2] is to stimulate research and development activities which can identify and enhance knowledge of best practice in biomass usage across different end uses (i.e., food, feed, energy, industrial applications), thereby helping policymakers to reconcile the broad societal goals of (inter alia) wealth generation, employment, food security, environmental preservation and a sustainable low carbon economy. Renewable Energy Directive, biomass is mooted as a part solution in achieving the goal of clean sustainable energy supply. Is already focused toward achieving a more environmentally responsible, yet competitive, biomass production system. The key challenge is one of “policy coherence”, which, it is recognized, must allow for, “...fair competition between the various uses of biomass resources (across competing sectors)”, even the interpretation of “fair” remains open to debate [4] The key challenge is one of “policy coherence”, which, it is recognized, must allow for, “...fair competition between the various uses of biomass resources (across competing sectors)”, even the interpretation of “fair” remains open to debate [4] (p. 7)
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