Abstract
Little is known about the coexistence of oppositionality and obsessive-compulsive problems (OCP) in community children and how it affects their development until adolescence to prevent possible dysfunctions. The co-development of oppositional defiant dimensions and OCP is studied in 563 children (49.7% female) from ages 6 to 13 years, assessed yearly with measures answered by parents and teachers. A 4-class model based on Latent Class Growth Analysis for three parallel processes (irritability, defiant, and OCP) was selected, which showed adequate fitting indexes. Class 1 (n = 349, 62.0%) children scored low on all the measures. Class 2 (n = 53, 9.4%) contained children with high OCP and low irritability and defiant. Class 3 (n = 108, 19.2%) clustered children with high irritability and defiant and low OCP. Class 4 (n = 53, 9.4%) clustered comorbid irritability, defiant, and OCP characteristics. The classes showed different clinical characteristics through development. The developmental co-occurrence of irritability and defiant plus obsessive-compulsive behaviors is frequent and adds severity through development regarding comorbidity, peer problems, executive functioning difficulties, and daily functioning. The identification of different classes when combining oppositional problems and OCP may be informative to prevent developmental dysfunctions and to promote good adjustment through development.
Highlights
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) both have their roots in childhood
Correlation values between observed scores involving two processes cross-sectionally ranged from −0.02 to 0.82
The results of this study indicate that executive functions difficulties are not characteristic of obsessive-compulsive problems (OCP), since executive functioning is similar in OCP and in the all-low classes, while the four global indexes of executive functioning are significantly higher when there is a confluence of oppositional dimensions at a high level and OCP
Summary
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) both have their roots in childhood. ODD is characterized by angry mood, disobedience, negativistic and hostile behavior towards authority figures, and vindictiveness. The irritable dimension includes loses temper, angry, and touchy symptoms; the defiant dimension includes argues, defies, annoys, and blames symptoms (and spitefulness- vindictiveness in the 2-factor solution); and the hurtful dimension includes spitefulness and vindictiveness symptoms. The differentiation of these dimensions has proven to be extremely useful in the clinical setting as they associate with specific disorders, possibly explaining, at least partially, the comorbidities of ODD, which is potentially useful for preventive efforts (Lavigne et al, 2014). OCD is associated with serious distress and impairment in the daily life of the child and the family (Monzani et al, 2020)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
