Abstract
It has been found that two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, can be used as remarkable gas detection platforms as even minimal chemical interactions can lead to distinct changes in electrical conductivity. In this work, epitaxially grown graphene was decorated with iron oxide nanoparticles for sensor performance tuning. This hybrid surface was used as a sensing layer to detect formaldehyde and benzene at concentrations of relevance in air quality monitoring (low parts per billion). Moreover, the time constants could be drastically reduced using a derivative sensor signal readout, allowing detection at the sampling rates desired for air quality monitoring applications.
Highlights
Several toxic air pollutants in more than 80% of the urban areas where air pollution is, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), monitored exceeds the WHO recommended safe exposure levels
We demonstrate how it is possible to detect even single ppb concentrations and we further introduce a data evaluation approach allowing fast response times to meet the criteria for Air quality monitoring (AQM)
Neglecting the characteristic steps corresponding to the silicon carbide (SiC) step bunching, the as-grown graphene surface in Figure 1a shows almost no roughness
Summary
Several toxic air pollutants in more than 80% of the urban areas where air pollution is, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), monitored exceeds the WHO recommended safe exposure levels. Poor air quality has been associated with several negative health aspects ranging from less severe conditions such as skin and eye irritation, to more acute respiratory problems, cancer, or death. Air quality monitoring (AQM) and control using extremely sensitive sensors is crucial from the viewpoint of preventing further deaths and diseases correlated with toxic air substances. Commercial sensors/instruments available today are either large, expensive, and complex or small but limited by poor selectivity, sensitivity, and a slow sampling rate [3]. There are no commercially available sensors with sufficient sensitivity to monitor several carcinogenic volatile
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