Abstract
Anaemia is an important public health concern and is a burning problem faced mainly by women from childhood to menopausal age, affecting almost 25% of the global population. In India, more than 50% of the children, non-pregnant and pregnant women being affected by this condition. Amongst anaemia, Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Iron is necessary for various functioning of body including formation of haemoglobin, brain development and regulation of body temperature, muscle activity, and catecholamine metabolism. Lack of iron directly affects the immune system; it diminishes the number of T-cells and the production of antibodies. Besides haemoglobin, iron is a component of myoglobin, the cytochromes, catalase and certain enzyme systems. Iron is essential for binding oxygen to the blood cells. The central function of iron is "oxygen transport", and cell respiration. Keywords: India, Iron Deficiency Anaemia, haemoglobin, erythrocytes, anaemia, PBF- peripheral blood smear.
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