Iris Liveness Detection Using Fragmental Energy of Haar Transformed Iris Images Using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers

Abstract

Contactless verification is possible with iris biometric identification, which helps prevent infections like COVID-19 from spreading. Biometric systems have grown unsteady and dangerous as a result of spoofing assaults employing contact lenses, replayed the video, and print attacks. The work demonstrates an iris liveness detection approach by utilizing fragmental coefficients of Haar transformed Iris images as signatures to prevent spoofing attacks for the very first time in the identification of iris liveness. Seven assorted feature creation ways are studied in the presented solutions, and these created features are explored for the training of eight distinct machine learning classifiers and ensembles. The predicted iris liveness identification variants are evaluated using recall, F-measure, precision, accuracy, APCER, BPCER, and ACER. Three standard datasets were used in the investigation. The main contribution of our study is achieving a good accuracy of 99.18% with a smaller feature vector. The fragmental coefficients of Haar transformed iris image of size 8 * 8 utilizing random forest algorithm showed superior iris liveness detection with reduced featured vector size (64 features). Random forest gave 99.18% accuracy. Additionally, conduct an extensive experiment on cross datasets for detailed analysis. The results of our experiments show that the iris biometric template is decreased in size to make the proposed framework suitable for algorithmic verification in real-time environments and settings.