Abstract
A necessary and the most difficult element in the study of many chemical processes is a reliable chemical analysis of both the initial reagents and the products of their transformation. One of the most common methods for such analysis is a capillary gas chromatography, which, unfortunately, has a number of limitations. The limitations include, for example, the low thermal stability of high polarity stationary liquid phases (SLF). A way to overcome this limitation is the use of ionic liquids (IL) as SLF. In this review, we focus on the use of liquid phases based on ILs with cations of various chemical classes. The properties of such phases are considered from the point of view of their possible chromatographic selectivity, and examples of the use of columns with ILs for solving specific analytical problems are given. The properties of currently available commercial columns where ILs are used as the phases are discussed.
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