Abstract
The Zr-based metal–organic frameworks are generally prepared by solvothermal procedure. To overcome the slow kinetics of nucleation and crystallization of Zr-based metal–organic frameworks is of great interest and challenging. Here, we find that an ionic liquid as solvent can significantly accelerate the formation of Zr-based metal–organic frameworks at room temperature. For example, the reaction time is shortened to 0.5 h in 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride for Zr-based metal–organic framework formation, while that in the conventional solvent N,N-dimethylformamide needs at least 120 h. The reaction mechanism was investigated in situ by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, spectroscopy synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption fine structure. This rapid, low-energy, and facile route produces Zr-based metal–organic framework nanoparticles with small particle size, missing-linker defects and large surface area, which can be used as heterogeneous catalysts for Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reaction.
Highlights
The Zr-based metal–organic frameworks are generally prepared by solvothermal procedure
The present study provides a way for accelerating Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) formation by utilizing Ionic liquids (ILs) as solvent
The MOF particle size can be modulated by changing the anions and cations of ILs
Summary
The Zr-based metal–organic frameworks are generally prepared by solvothermal procedure. IL [Cnmim]X accelerate the room-temperature formation of Zr-based MOFs. The reaction time is extremely shortened to 0.5 h in 1-hexyl-3- C, d In situ 1H NMR spectra of the UiO-66 synthesis mixtures in [Omim]Cl and DMF at 298.2 K, respectively.
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