Ion momentum mapping in photodissociation and Coulomb explosion events using ion time-of-flight analyzers

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Abstract Modern light sources such as free electron lasers allow for tracking photoinduced events with an unprecedented accuracy. Ion spectroscopy is a particularly useful tool, revealing, e.g., momentum correlations in dissociation and Coulomb explosion patterns. Determining ion momentae and their relationship with the highest achievable accuracy is therefore very valuable. Here, we develop a systematic approach of accurate ion momentum determination in Wiley-McLaren type ion time-of-flight spectrometers taking into account also field penetration effects. The developed analytical formulae at various level of approximation are compared with ray tracing simulations and the effects are also illustrated on an experimental example.