Abstract
The main drawback of Fenton′s process is the formation of ferric sludge. In this work, ion exchange (IE) appears as a complement to the Fenton process, allowing, on the one hand, to remove the iron excess present in the sludge, as well as reduce the COD of the real olive oil industry extraction wastewater (OOIEW) from the Fenton process. The Fenton process uses iron (II) sulfate as catalyst, therefore concentrations of iron up to 2 g L−1 could be present in the treated OOIEW. The iron and COD adsorption equilibrium behavior has been modelized by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. Moreover, the resin efficiency was tested in a continuous fixed-bed column. It was concluded that the resin maintains iron adsorption capacity over at least three reuse cycles. Overall Fenton’s process followed by ion exchange seems to be a promising approach for the treatment of cumbersome industrial wastewaters.
Highlights
Besides the need of a technology that can achieve a high efficiency of the degradation of compounds with multiple hazardous characteristics, such as toxicity and persistent behavior, the economical aspect needs to be evaluated to obtain a feasible treatment alternative that can be applied at larger scales
With an initial pH on the range of 3–5 the linked H+ is free from the active sites of the cation exchange resin, which favors the exchange of ions, considering the acidic environment beneficial
At moderate pH with an initial pH on the range of 3–5 the linked H+ is free from the active sites of the cation exchange resin, which favors the exchange of ions, considering the acidic environment beneficial
Summary
The future availability and quality of water has become a common agenda of different nations and institutions. The high efficiency of the method is a result of strong hydroxyl radicals (HO*) formation and change of oxidation state of Fe2+ in Fe3+ [5] Both iron ions are coagulants, so Fenton’s reaction. To surpass the disadvantage of homogeneous Fenton’s reaction producing sludge, this present study focuses on the investigation of an alternative strategy for the management and treatment of the resultant real wastewater of an olive oil extraction process (OOEIW). This strategy comprises the implementation of Fenton’s process for organic degradation, followed by an iron recuperation step, applying Amberlite@HPR1100 strong-acid cationic resin. This study builds on previous studies but accounts for relevant factors that have not been mentioned before
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