Ion Exchange for Water Treatment

Abstract

in the chemical industry. Such water treatment processes as hot and cold lime-soda softening, softening with phosphates and softening with barium salts, which also reduce the amount of dissolved substances found in water, are only briefly referred to for comparative purposes. The average industrial raw water is approximately 99.98 per cent pure ; the remaining 0.02 per cent (equivalent to 200 ppm.) consists of ions dissolved in the water. If not removed, these ions may interfere with the use of the water in industrial processes or for boiler feed.