Abstract
<p>Regucalcin was discovered in 1978 as a novel calcium-binding protein. The name, regucalcin, was proposed for this calcium-binding protein, which regulates various Ca<sup>2+-</sup> or Ca<sup>2+</sup>/calmodulin-dependent enzyme activations. The regucalcin gene (gene symbol;rgn) is localized on the X chromosome. Regucalcin has been demonstrated to play a multifunctional role in the regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, gene expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis in various types of cells and tissues. The cytoplasmic regucalcin translocases to the nucleus and suppresses nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis. Moreover, regucalcin has been shown to reveal a suppressive effect on protein synthesis and a stimulatory effect on protein degradation. Regucalcin has been found to inhibit aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and activate thiol protease. Â Regucalcin may play a suppressive role in the regulation of protein turnover in cells.</p>
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