In-Vitro Evaluation of the Nematicidal Potential of Leaf Extracts of Commenlina benghalensis and Bidens pilosa on Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Spp)

Ob Okechalu ,Jeremiah Oyeyinka ,L S Danahap

doi:10.7176/jnsr/10-4-04

Abstract

The nematicidal potential of leaf extracts of Commenlina benghalensis and Bidens pilosa on Root-knot nematodes ( Meloidogyne spp) was evaluated in-vitro . Four concentrations of the aqueous extracts of the leaves of each plant was used for the test. The concentration included 100mg/ml, 150mg/ml 200mg/ml and 250mg/ml while distilled water was used as control. Root-knot nematodes were sourced from susceptible plants within Jos metropolis and challenged with the different concentration of the extracts. Observation was done 24 hourly for 96 hours. Also, phytochemical analysis of the extracts was done. The results showed that all the extracts had nematicidal activities on root-knot nematodes but to varying degrees. Generally, C. benghalensis had lower nematicidal activity than B. pilosa . The result also showed that the nematicidal activities of both plant extracts increased with concentration and time of exposure. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of bioactive compounds such as Alkaloid, Saponin, Tannin, and Flavonoid among others. The findings of this work suggests that these plants have good nematicidal potentials. Keywords: Root-knot nematodes, in-vitro, Commenlina benghalensis, Bidens pilosa DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/10-4-04 Publication date: February 29 th 2020

Highlights

LaMondia (2004) reported that nematodes are some of the most numerous multi-cellular animals on earth
The study revealed that the leaf extracts of C. benghalensis and B. pilosa had nematicidal activities on root-knot nematodes but to varying degrees
At 48 hours of exposure, B. pilosa generally had the least number of live nematode across concentration except at 250mg/ml where both B. pilosa and C. benghalensis had the same number of live nematodes. (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

LaMondia (2004) reported that nematodes are some of the most numerous multi-cellular animals on earth. They exist in a vast array of ecologic relationships and may be found in almost every kind of ecologic niche available, from the arctic to deserts or the depths of the oceans. Colorless and translucent roundworms with relatively little morphological divergence. Nematodes have no appendages and are barely visible to the naked eye, but are, observed under a microscope (Agrios, 2005). Nematodes are generally wormlike in shape, mature females of some genera, namely Meloidogyne, Heterodera, and Nacobbus have swollen, saccate-like bodies (Agrios, 2005)

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Conclusion