In-Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Ruta Chalepensis (Tenadam) and Justicia Shimperiana(Senel) Plants against Some Bacterial Human Pathogens

Habtamu Menberu Tedila

doi:10.7176/jhmn/63-03

Abstract

The leave extracts of Ruta chalepensis and Justicia schimperiana were the most powerful medicinal value. The plant extraction followed by ethanol, methanol acetone, diethyl ether and hexane by using disc diffusion and broth dilution methods (MIC) against six human pathogenic bacterial strains ( Shigella dysentery, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonia ) . The methanol extract of J. schimperiana showed strong inhibition activity against S. dysentery and E. coli with a zone size of 14.5±0.5mm and 16±0.2mm and MIC values of 3.12mg/ml against E. coli and S. dysentry . Highly prominent activity was produced by the ethanol extract of R. chalepensis with the highest zone of 15±0.5mm diameter observed in S. typhi , followed by S. aureus 13±0.11mm with the MIC value of 1.56mg/ml against S. typhi. Four antibiotics were used as standard for the testing of antibacterial activity against six different human pathogens. Among the antibiotics Ciprofloxin showed maximum zone of inhibition ranging from 20-35mm followed by Kanamycin, Tetracycline and Chlormphenicol. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Broth dilution, Disc diffusion, Human pathogens DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/63-03 Publication date :June 30 th 2019

Highlights

The discovery and development of antibiotics are among the most powerful and successful achievements of modern science and technology for the control of infectious diseases
The crude leave extracts of Ruta chalepensis and Justicia Schimperiana were tested for antibacterial activity on six human bacterial pathogens
The present study showed that S.typhi was the most susceptible test organism for ethanol solvent extract leaves of R. chalepensis

Summary

Introduction

The discovery and development of antibiotics are among the most powerful and successful achievements of modern science and technology for the control of infectious diseases. There is an urgent need to control antimicrobial resistance by improved antibiotic usage and reduction of hospital cross-infection. The development of new antibiotics should be continued as they are of primary importance to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment (Marchese and Shito, 2001). The potential for developing antimicrobials from higher plants appears rewarding as it is lead to the development of a phytomedicine to act against microbes; as a result, plants are one of the bedrocks for modern medicine to attain new principles (Evans et al, 2002). Further continued exploration of plant derived antimicrobials is current needed (Hussain and Gorsi, 2004). Herbal medicine has been shown to have genuine utility and about 80% of rural population depends on it as primary health care (Akinyemi et al, 2005)

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Conclusion