In‐vitro and bio‐electrochemical characteristics of phytochemical enriched Co3O4 nanoparticles loaded biomimetic scaffold for preclinical analysis

Abstract

AbstractThe work aims for biomimetic fabrication of Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) extract‐mediated cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs) with chitosan‐sodium alginate scaffolds by solvent casting. Distinct concentrations of green synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles were combined to fabricate scaffolds. XRD analysis revealed the cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 18.83 nm. Smaller particle size, spherical morphology, and the presence of organic MOS extract had a substantial impact on the physio‐chemical properties of Co3O4 NPs. In‐vitro bioactivity Co3O4 NPs and nanoparticles anchored scaffolds were determined using simulated body fluid (SBF) through HAP formation. The scaffolds' swelling, protein absorption behavior and bio‐electrochemical analysis were evaluated under PBS. The antibacterial activity of Co3O4 NPs/scaffolds was more effective against Gram‐positive bacterial strains than Gram‐negative ones due to the increased production of ROS. In‐vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized Co3O4 NPs and scaffolds was tested against the MCF‐7 cell line using an MTT assay. These studies demonstrate that the Co3O4 NPs/scaffolds have excellent physico‐chemical characteristics that increase in‐vitro biocompatibility. Furthermore, impedance and LSV studies showed that biomimetic CSA 200 electrolytes extend host tissue's regenerative compatibility. Also, the anticancer and antibacterial properties of biomimetic scaffold enabled Co3O4 nanoparticles to retain their required biomaterial characteristics for tissue engineering applications.