Abstract
The development of a sustainable energy economy based on renewable, carbon-neutral energy is a necessary and urgent task. Photo-electrochemical (PEC) approaches to solar fuels and materials are interesting, provided they can be efficiently, stably, scalably, and sustainably implemented.While significant progress on the development of earth abundant materials and on high-efficiency demonstrations has been achieved, there is relatively little known about the behavior of materials and devices under more realistic, varying conditions and on the implication of degradation on the performance and lifetime.Here, I will first discuss multi-scale numerical modeling approaches to investigate and quantify the effect of photocorrosion on the performance evolution. I will show how important the local reaction environment is for the stability of a component, and how heterogeneity in the operating variables (current density, species concentration, temperature, etc.) affect degradation. Furthermore, I will comment on the importance of device design on device stability.Second, I will then transition towards discussing material, device and system performance as a function of varying, non-design-point operation. I will show how these dynamics can affect the performance, show how multi-physical transport can help in controlling and smoothing some of the observed variations, and generally highlight synergistic effects. I will end with providing general guidelines on operating materials, devices and systems under more realistic conditions.
Published Version
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