Investigations on 3D printed primary recycled ABS for one-way programming

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn the past two decades, number of studies have been reported on one-way programming (OWP) of virgin acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-based substrate for sensing applications inform of dielectric constant (εr) and loss tangent/dissipation factor (tanδ). But hitherto little has been reported on the OWP of primary (1°) recycled ABS (by dielectric tuning of a 3D-printed substrate and mechanical bending to ensure conformal designs). This study reports the OWP of 3D-printed 1° recycled ABS as a sensor (for acetone detection in a distillery, patients with diabetic ketoacidosis as an internet of things (IoT)-based solution). For sensor fabrication, a ring resonator was initially designed using a commercial software package (CST studio suite) and fabricated by 3D printing of 1°recycled ABS for the resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. Transmission line parameters (S21) were observed using a vector network analyser (VNA). Further, morphological, radio frequency (RF), current-voltage (I–V), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) characterisation were performed to understand the effect of two stimuli (acetone and temperature) on ABS substrate for OWP of εr and tanδ. Also, the mechanical bending analysis of a one-way programmable substrate was observed for its suitability in sensors miniaturisation.