Investigations of Antibiotic Susceptibilities of S. aureus Strains Isolated from Various Clinical Samples

Abstract

Objective: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a critical microorganism that causes a range of infections with high morbidity and mortality rates, including skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and sepsis in both community and healthcare settings. The objective of this study was to ascertain the antimicrobial resistance rates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates derived from a range of clinical samples submitted to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory of our hospital and to examine the resistance profile specific to our hospital. Methodology: The study included 229 S. aureus isolates collected between 2022 and 2023. The isolates were identified through the application of conventional methods and the MALDI-TOF-MS system (VITEK MS, bioMerieux France). The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the BD Phoenix automated system (Becton Dickinson, USA) in accordance with the criteria set forth by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Results: The MRSA rate in the one-year period was 25.77%. When the distribution of S. aureus isolates was analyzed, it was determined that blood cultures were the most common clinical specimens from which S. aureus was isolated. Resistance to glycopeptides and linezolid was determined in MRSA isolates, albeit at a low rate. No resistance to glycopeptide and linezolid was detected in MSSA isolates. MSSA isolates were found to have a more sensitive profile to other antibiotics than MRSA isolates. The highest resistance rate was detected against penicillin with 100% and 87.06% in MRSA and MSSA isolates, respectively. In addition, the most sensitive antibiotics were determined to be glycopeptide, linezolid, daptomycin, and aminoglycoside. Conclusion: In conclusion, knowing the resistance profiles of S. aureus isolates in our hospital, will guide empirical treatment. Furthermore, the implementation of effective infection control measures and a cautious approach to antibiotic use will contribute to the management of MRSA infections.