Abstract
Soap is a substance that dissolves in water to remove dirt from surfaces such as skin, textiles and other solids. Soaps are mainly used as surfactants for washing, bathing and cleaning. They are also used in textiles spinning and are important components of lubricants. The present study was carried out to assess the various properties of different soaps, in terms of pH, basicity, emulsification, content of fat, washing property,moisture content, foaming capacity and hard water reaction. A cursory look at the obtained results reveals similarities in parameters in the selected soaps It can been concluded that the values determined are within the limits set by standards
Highlights
The name of soap, after an ancient Roman legend, comes apparently from Mount Sapo, where animals were slaughtered
Skin dryness can be exacerbated by dry climate and the influence of hard water, which increases the irritant effect of soaps or detergents (Lourdes Baranda et al, 2002)
It is important that the general population are aware of the potential of products used for body cleansing, fabric cleansing and dish washing, this information is not usually available it was decided to analyze the pH, foaming capacity, moisture content, basicity, hard water reaction, emulsification, content of fat and washing property
Summary
The name of soap, after an ancient Roman legend, comes apparently from Mount Sapo, where animals were slaughtered. Whereas the use of sodium or potassium carbonate leads to a hard or soft soap, respectively. The first written record of soap can be seen in the writings of the Roman Pliny the Elder. He described the Phoenicians’ synthesis of soap by using goat tallow and ashes. The sodium hydroxide was heated with animal fats or vegetable oils to produce soap (Bahl, 1991). Soap (sodium salt of fatty acid) the oldest known surfactant has been used since the Egyptian era (Saad Moulay, 2011). In the present study the various properties of soap like pH, basicity, emulsification, content of fat, washing property, moisture content, foaming capacity and hard water reaction were evaluated
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