Abstract
The interaction between a shock wave and solid particles involves complex gas–solid two-phase flow, which is widely used in industrial processes. Theoretical analysis, an experimental test, and simulation were combined to investigate the interaction process between a shock wave and quartz sand particles. The variation of physical parameters of the two phases during the interaction process was considered theoretically. Then, a novel vertical shock tube generator was employed to record the pressure attenuation and dispersion process of solid particles. Finally, the complex gas–solid two-phase flow was simulated based on the computational fluid dynamics method. The results showed that a nonequilibrium state was formed during the interaction process and momentum exchange generated, resulting in a drag force of the shock wave on the particles. The shock intensity obviously attenuated after the shock wave passed through the solid particles, and this part of the energy was work on the solid particles to drive their dispersion. A three-dimensional annular vortex was generated around the solid particles due to the entrainment effect of airflow. Under the shock wave action of 1.47 Ma, the three types of solid particles with average diameters of 2.5, 0.95, and 0.42 mm presented different motion laws. The particles with smaller size were easier to disperse, and the cloud that formed was larger and more uniform.
Highlights
The gas–solid two-phase flow resulting from interactions between a shock wave and solid particles is highly complex and difficult to observe experimentally [1,2]
The time for shock wave passage through the solid particles is instantaneous; the exchanged momentum and energy between the two phases are very limited. It takes a period of time for the solid particles to achieve a new equilibrium state of momentum and energy, which is called the relaxation time [28,29,30,31]
In order to obtain the pressure variation characteristics during the interaction process, the quartz for the solid particles to achieve a new equilibrium state of momentum and energy, which is called sand particles with antime average diameter of 0.95 mm and a filling mass of 5 g were used for the shock the relaxation
Summary
The gas–solid two-phase flow resulting from interactions between a shock wave and solid particles is highly complex and difficult to observe experimentally [1,2]. Rogue et al [6] used shadow photography systems to observe the flow fields of particle swarms driven by shock waves under various Mach numbers They conducted numerical simulations using the finite difference method; Appl. Boiko et al and Kiselev et al [8,9] studied the diffusion investigate the waves rapid dispersion of solid They observed the interactions between shock attenuation of shock propagating amidparticles. Adoptedforce body-fitted grids in of shock interacting with deformable particles Their numerical analyses of fluid/single-particle interactions, providing workable insight into the Inunsteady the previous studies [18,19,20,21,22,23], plenty of meaningful researchparticles.
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