Abstract
To investigate primary breakup close to an injector, this paper presents both experimental and numerical research on high-pressure common-rail diesel injection. We propose a new method named SD-ELSA model to realize automatically identifying droplet features for high-pressure diesel spray based on the classic ELSA (Eulerian Lagrangian Spray Atomization) model; this method is suitable for varied injection operation conditions. The SD-ELSA first identifies the liquid bulk due to breakup of the continuous phase in near field, and then converts the Eulerian liquid bulk into Lagrangian particles to complete the calculation of the total spray atomization. The SD-ELSA model adopts two key criteria, i.e., the sphericity (S) and the particle diameter (D); the qualified liquid mass is transformed into Lagrangian particle, realizing the coupling of the Eulerian–Lagrangian model. The SD-ELSA model illustrates the total diesel spray atomization process from the breakup liquid column to the droplets.
Highlights
Academic Editor: ConstantineDiesel fuel spray has been a research hotspot because the fuel injection and spray characteristics directly act on the air–fuel mixing and the subsequent combustion process.Most research focuses on the macroscopic fuel spray characteristics for better understanding the fuel injection penetration and spray process
Patterson et al [19] modelled the diesel spray using the Kelvin–Helmholtz wave model based on the KIVA-Il computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, and the results showed that the model predicting spray penetration still had a few differences compared with the test results
The proposed new numerical method is based on the ELSA model to realize automatic identifying of droplet features for high-pressure diesel spray, and this improved method is suitable for varied injection operation conditions
Summary
Diesel fuel spray has been a research hotspot because the fuel injection and spray characteristics directly act on the air–fuel mixing and the subsequent combustion process. Most research focuses on the macroscopic fuel spray characteristics for better understanding the fuel injection penetration and spray process. Hiroyasu et al [1] investigated high-speed diesel injection through a injector into a chamber by testing the fuel spray progression and measuring the breakup length, and they reported that the spray structure had two categories: incomplete and complete sprays. Our research team observed a completely highpressure diesel spray process in a constant-volume bomb system by using a schlieren system together with a digital high-speed camera, and found that the diesel spray was a dynamic process and the spray penetration has a two-period feature [2]. Si et al [4] observed the near-field diesel spray obtained by a high-speed video camera and a continuous wave laser sheet, and they reported that the diesel spray experienced the liquid, large droplets and numerous tiny droplets.
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