Investigation of the structural, electrical and magnetic properties of vanadium substituted Mn–Zn ferrites

Abstract

This work revealed the role of altering vanadium (V) content in Mn–Zn ferrites. We used the traditional solid-state reaction method to prepare the {mathrm{Mn}}_{0.5}{mathrm{Zn}}_{0.5}{mathrm{V}}_{mathrm{x}}{mathrm{Fe}}_{2-mathrm{x}}{mathrm{O}}_{4} (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) ferrites. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the samples’ crystal structures, revealing the prepared sample’s spinal cubic crystal structure. With increasing Vanadium concentration, the lattice constant drops proportionately. We used Debye–Scherrer (D–S), Williamson–Hall (W–H) Plot, Halder–Wagner (H–W) Langford, and Size Strain Plot (SSP) methods to compare different structural properties. We also used the impedance analyzer to investigate the samples’ dielectric characteristics and AC conductivity at room temperature over a frequency range of 1 kHz–100 MHz. The magnetic properties, i.e., Saturation magnetization (Ms), Coercive field (Hc), and Remanent magnetization (Mr), were estimated from the ferromagnetic hysteresis behavior of the samples measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The saturation magnetization was observed to decrease with an increase in V content. The Mr and HC vary non-linearly with V contents. The prepared samples’ initial permeability was tested, and a reasonably constant complex permeability (µ') was recorded over a wide frequency range (~ 1000 Hz).