Abstract
With the development of shallow surface mineral resources in metal mines, it is gradually turning to the stage of deep mining. According to the current mining depth and the average annual depth, during the period of “14th Five-Year Plan,” one-third of the underground metal mines will reach or exceed the mining depth of 1,000 m, with the deepest being 2,000 m. In the stage of deep mining, mines will face the conditions of high stress, high temperature, high well depth, and strong mining disturbance, which will greatly increase the difficulty of large-scale deep mining. Among them, the high ground stress environment is the principal problem of many technical problems in deep mining. The selection of mining method has become a prerequisite for solving the problem of efficient and safe mining of deep deposits. In this paper, the vague set theory was introduced into the selection of mining methods and a vague set model for deep unloading mining schemes was established. Taking the Jinchuan No. 2 mining area as the engineering background, four unloading schemes for deep mining were proposed, and the Vague set model was used for optimization. It is concluded that the mining approach with large-section unloading is the optimal unloading mining plan. The application shows that it has the advantages of high unloading efficiency, large production capacity, and low loss index. It has been fully promoted in the deep mining of the mining area. It is feasible and effective to use the vague set theory in the selection of deep unloading mining schemes, which provides a proper approach in the selection of deep unloading mining schemes.
Highlights
For mining companies, the proper mining method is the key factor in determining their survival and development
With the gradual advancement of mining to the deep, affected by the highstress environment [5, 6], deep mining is facing problems such as low efficiency, insecurity, and high cost, and traditional mining models are difficult to adapt to the deep deposit mining [7,8,9]
How to choose the optimum mining method considering deep high-stress conditions to ensure mining efficiency, reduce production risks, and improve recovery efficiency is a technical problem for the mining engineers and technicians, which needs to be urgently solved
Summary
The proper mining method is the key factor in determining their survival and development. How to select the optimum mining method based on the actual situation is an important problem [1,2,3,4]. It is more typical to use fuzzy mathematics theory to optimize mining methods. E most important factor affecting the accuracy of the mining method selection method is how to objectively quantify the uncertainty of fuzzy sets in mining method selection. The vague sets consider three factors: true membership, false membership, and hesitation. It is more accurate and flexible in expressing vagueness and uncertainty of information than traditional fuzzy sets. We use the advantages of the theory in fuzzy decision-making to uniformly quantify the various parameters that affect the choice of mining schemes. is work will help improve the accuracy of program selection and provide a new idea for mining method selection
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