Abstract
The hyperfine (hf) structure constants of three atomic niobium energy levels in the energy range around 23000 cm-1 (at 22936.90, 23010.58, and 23048.58 cm-1) are known with only limited accuracy, and the constants of combining levels are sometimes even unknown. Thus we performed laser spectroscopic investigations in the wavelength range between 5600 and 6500 A, and we excited altogether 16 transitions in which these lower levels are involved. Beside a more precise determination of the hf structure constants of the three lower levels (which were determined on several lines sharing a common upper level), these experiments led to the knowledge of the hf constants of nine levels with previously unknown constants. Beside these results, also the hf constants of 13 further energy levels are reported. For six of these levels, the constants were previously unknown.
Highlights
Niobium (Z = 41) in its natural abundance has only one stable isotope
Beside a more precise determination of the hf structure constants of the three lower levels, these experiments led to the knowledge of the hf constants of nine levels with previously unknown constants
4) It may happen that the fit result is dependent on assumptions on the spectral line shape and on the intensity ratios of neighboured components
Summary
Its mass number is 93 and its nuclear spin quantum number is I = 9/2 It has a nuclear momentum of 6.1705 (3) μN and an electric quadrupole momentum of −0.32 (2) × 10−28 m2 [1]. Since the quadrupole moment of Nb is small, for most of the energy levels, the electric quadrupole constant B cannot be reliably determined from the experimentally observed hf patterns and is assumed to be zero. In such cases, the magnetic dipole constant A is describing the hf structure splitting sufficiently
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