Investigation of the effects of electric vehicle charging stations and solar energy integration on grid performance

Abstract

In this study, the negative effects of electric vehicle charging stations, whose use has rapidly increased all over the world in the last few years, on the electricity network were analyzed. The charging station was purchased and installed in a suitable area. Measurements taken using the energy analyzer at this charging station were examined. An electrical network model has been prepared. IEEE 6-bus power test system data was used for this model. The model was built using Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP). In addition to the existing loads on the electricity grid, the loads that will occur with the increase in electric vehicle charging stations have also been added. In this case, this electrical network was analyzed using the Newton-Raphson load flow algorithm with the existing load data of the generators, buses and data of the added charging station loads in the IEEE 6-bus test system network. Considering that one thousand additional charging stations come as load for each load bus, 22 MW load was added. In order to reduce the power losses detected here, grid-connected solar power plants have been proposed. By adding these power plants, it is aimed to reduce the negative effects of the load increase caused by electric vehicle charging stations. For the case of adding solar power plants (SPP), the results were examined by making load flow and it was shown that the network losses decreased. As a result of the study, as a result of adding electric vehicle charging station loads (EVCS) to each load bus in addition to the existing loads, active power loss doubled and reactive power loss reached more than three times. In the buses with the recommended consumption, these losses, which increased with the energy production by load solar power plants, decreased by more than half.