Investigation of the Effect of Tissue Differentiation of Cancerous Tissues on the Diagnostic Accuracy of 99mTc-PSMA Scan and 99mTc-MDP Bone Scan in Patients with Prostate Cancer with Bone Metastases

Abstract

Background and Objective: Prostate cancer is currently the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Given the prevalence of this disease and the costs imposed on society for its diagnosis and treatment, awareness of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and factors influencing their outcomes is of particular importance. Materials and Methods: This prospective study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc- PSMA scan and 99mTc-MDP Bone scan in 40 patients with prostate cancer and bone metastases. The study was conducted between 2020 and 2023, and the results were compared based on the tissue differentiation of cancerous tissues. Results: Data analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc- PSMA scan and 99mTc-MDP Bone scan for grade groups 1-5 ranged from 95.4% to 100% and 95.4% to 100%, respectively. However, none of the results were statistically significant. Specifically, the 99mTc- PSMA scan demonstrated diagnostic accuracy percentages of 100%, 98.7%, 96.1%, 96.6%, and 95.4%, respectively, for grade groups 1 to 5. Similarly, the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-MDP Bone scan for grade groups 1 to 5 was 100%, 96.3%, 98.7%, 96.6%, and 95.4%, respectively. Conclusion: The statistical analysis of the data suggests that tissue differentiation of prostate cancer does not impact the diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc- PSMA scan and 99mTc-MDP Bone scan. Moreover, the Gleason score of tissue samples did not affect the differentiation of cancerous tissues by the scans. Therefore, the findings suggest that 99mTc- PSMA scan and 99mTc-MDP Bone scan can provide accurate diagnostic results for prostate cancer patients with bone metastases, regardless of the tissue differentiation or Gleason score.