Abstract
In today's technology, there are various chemical additives that shape the fresh or hardened properties of concrete. Chemical additives can be added alone or by using several additives together in order to obtain the desired concrete properties. Usage dosages are chosen in such a way that they can meet the desired performance criteria and at the same time do not impair the fresh and hardened qualities of the concrete. In this study, physical, mechanical and durability properties of concretes produced by using chemical additives in different proportions were investigated. In the production of concrete samples, the water / cement ratio and cement amount were kept constant at 0.5 and 350 kg / m3, respectively. 0-4mm grain size crushed sand and 4-16 mm grain size aggregate are used as aggregate. The plasticizer used as a chemical additive was added at the rate of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% depending on the amount of cement. Concrete samples of 150x150x150 mm for compressive strength, archimedes weighing and 71x71x71 mm for abrasion tests were produced for use in experimental studies. After the concrete samples have been removed from the mold, they have been cured in the standard curing pool at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C for 7 and 28 days. Concrete samples have been subjected to archimedes, capillary water absorption, ultrasound transition rate, boh (wear), schmidt and compressive strength tests. The compressive strength of 7 and 28 days old concrete samples was determined. Physical properties such as water absorption percentage, porosity, unit weight, ultrasound transition rate, and weight losses in the wear test were measured only for samples of 28 days. The values with the lowest water absorption and porosity percentages were seen in the sample containing 1% plasticizer additive as 3,18% and 9,32% respectively. Ultrases transition velocity, schmidt test hammer and the highest compressive strength values were observed in the 28-day sample containing 1% plasticizer additive as 4901 m/s, 26.1 and 57,14 MPa, respectively. With the increase of the chemical additive ratio, weight losses due to wear have decreased.
Highlights
Improving the various properties of concrete, providing convenience in production and transportation, etc. the use of chemical additives for these purposes has become quite common in recent years
It is known that various chemical additives are used in cement mortars and concretes both to contribute to the properties of fresh concrete and to increase the strength and durability performance of hardened concrete (Jeknavorian et al, 1998; ASTM C465-19)
While it was observed that the ideal plasticizer use was 1% in terms of compressive strength, it was observed that the consistency could be significantly improved by experiencing negligible strength drops as a result of using higher rates (1.5% and 2%)
Summary
Improving the various properties of concrete, providing convenience in production and transportation, etc. the use of chemical additives for these purposes has become quite common in recent years. The functions of chemical additives are classified as normal or highwater reduction, retarding setting, accelerating setting and entraining air (Jeknavorian et al, 1998; Erdoğan et al, 2007) This classification water reducers are used to reduce the w/c ratio or to obtain more workable fresh concrete with a constant w/c ratio and are called plasticizers. In order to prevent this effect, it is necessary to place the fresh concrete without adding extra water To achieve this workability in fresh concrete, plasticizer additives are used (Topçu et al, 2006; Stecher et al, 2019). A lot of research has been done on the use of plasticizer additives, which is one of the frequently used chemical additives, but there are not many articles investigating wear resistance For this purpose, the physical, mechanical and abrasion resistance properties of concretes were investigated by adding plasticizer additives in different ratios into the concrete. Concrete samples were subjected to slump, water absorption, porosity, ultrasonic, böhme (abrasion), schmidt and compressive strength tests
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