Abstract
Background and Aim: Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 are cell surface signaling receptors that are involved in the recognition of and host response to Helicobacter pylori. Our aim was to investigate the association between TLR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of Japanese subjects to 4 H. pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases. Methodology: A total of 100 patients with histologically diagnosed gastric cancer, 105 patients with gastric ulcer, 102 with atrophic gastritis, 72 with duodenal ulcer and 428 healthy controls were recruited. A TaqMan assay was used to genotype 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR2 and 6 SNPs in TLR4. Results: There was a tendency for TLR4 rs10759932 TC/CC genotypes to be associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer (p = 0.059); however, this did not reach statistical significance. No significant associations were found between polymorphisms in TLR2 or TLR4 and the risks for gastric cancer, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, or atrophic gastritis. Conclusion: The 13 SNPs inTLR2 and TLR4 examined in this study may not be linked with the development of H. pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases. Further studies with larger numbers of subjects are necessary to verify the present findings.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped, microaerophilic, gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and establishes persistent infection in the gastric mucosa
No significant association was detected between the genotype or allele frequencies of polymorphisms in TLR2 or TLR4 and the risk of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, or atrophic gastritis
Responses to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands may be altered by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR encoding genes, resulting invariable susceptibility to H. pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases after long-term infection
Summary
Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped, microaerophilic, gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and establishes persistent infection in the gastric mucosa. Numerous studies have shown that H. pylori is a risk factor for development of upper gastrointestinal diseases, such as peptic ulcer disease, atrophic gastritis, gastric mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer [1] [2]. Several studies have indicated that H. pylori infection is the best recognized etiologic risk factor for gastric cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide [3], through its involvement in the development of gastric atrophy or precancerous lesions [4] [5]. Our aim was to investigate the association between TLR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility of Japanese subjects to 4 H. pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases. No significant associations were found between polymorphisms in TLR2 or TLR4 and the risks for gastric cancer, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, or atrophic gastritis. Further studies with larger numbers of subjects are necessary to verify the present findings
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