Abstract
The polycrystalline 0.75BiFeO3−0.25BaTiO3, 0.75Bi0.95Ca0.05FeO3−0.25BaTiO3 and 0.75BiFeO3−0.25Ba0.95Ca0.05TiO3 ceramics are successfully prepared by solid state reaction method. The latter two substituted ceramics are corresponding to aliovalent (acceptor-type substitution) and isovalent substitution mechanism, respectively. The state of chemical homogeneity is closely related to the substitution mechanism in this solid solution system. The SEM morphologies of these latter two doped well-polished and etched ceramics indicate that the grains in the 0.75BiFeO3−0.25Ba0.95Ca0.05TiO3 ceramics get uniformly etched compared to the 0.75Bi0.95Ca0.05FeO3−0.25BaTiO3 ceramics due to the presence of chemical homogeneity. It has been observed that the aliovalent substitution results in chemical heterogeneity, which has a significant effect on the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties.
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