Abstract
Background Conventional phase contrast (PC) velocity measurements fail in situation of high velocities and complex flow, as after a stenosis. Specifically, volume flow and peak velocities are underestimated, and velocity-to-noise ratio (VNR) is decreased due to flow voids. These effects are much dependent on the echo time (TE). Reducing TE will drastically improve the results, both concerning VNR and accuracy. The method of ultra-short TE (UTE) allows for submillisecond TE, and has recently been implemented for 2D through-plane PC(2D PC-UTE). This work aims to investigate peak velocities and visualize stenotic jets in a 3D volume using PC-UTE.
Highlights
Conventional phase contrast (PC) velocity measurements fail in situation of high velocities and complex flow, as after a stenosis
In the 3D PC-ultra-short TE (UTE) data, the peak velocity occurs in the slice closest to the stenosis and decreases in slices more distal to the obstruction
In 3D PC data sets, peak velocity has a much larger variation, and the absolute peak occurs in more distal slices
Summary
Conventional phase contrast (PC) velocity measurements fail in situation of high velocities and complex flow, as after a stenosis. This work aims to investigate peak velocities and visualize stenotic jets in a 3D volume using PC-UTE
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