INVESTIGATION OF SOME ENZYMES LEVEL IN BLOOD AND MILK SERUM IN TWO STAGES OF MILK YIELD DAIRY COWS AT ASSIUT CITY

Ghada Mohamed

doi:10.21608/avmj.2014.170982

Abstract

Lactation has a great impact on biochemical parameters in the blood of cows, reflecting on metabolic demands. A part of that test is determining enzyme activities in the serum. This study was conducted on 40 head of Friesian dairy cows apparently healthy, were divided into two groups the first is the early lactation (15 days to 2 months), and the second group is mid lactation (75 days to 4 months) collected blood samples and draw blood serum purified to measure some routine biochemical changes as total protein, albumin, globulin mathematically and total bilirubin are generally used for the evaluation of metabolic status and activity of enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Milk samples were taken from cows under study to measure the activity of enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT), The study showed the presence of significant differences in both total protein, globulin mathematically, total bilirubin in two group, and a significant difference in the activity of AST, ALP in the blood serum in two stages and no significant difference in the activity of enzymes in the whey in two stage with the existence of marked increase activity of (ALT, ALP, GGT), and decrease activity of AST in milk than blood serum. The results indicated that AST activity appeared significantly lower in milk than that in blood (p = 0.0002) and =0.0035) in two stage of lactation respectively, also ALT, ALP, GGT was highly significant in milk than blood serum (P=0.0290, =0.0102, < 0.0001, < 0.0001) in mid lactation.

Highlights

Multiparous dairy cow puts the production capabilities of cows at risk, which can result in metabolic disorders, In order to predict such disorders and eventual sub clinical diseases it is necessary to determine physiological ranges of biochemical parameters in a clinically healthy herd (Mulligan et al, 2006).Dairy cows are more susceptible to various diseases in the postpartum period when compared to other production periods, due to the negative energy balance, weakened appetite and increasing yield
The effect of stage of lactation on total protein, albumin globulin, A/G ratio and total bilirbine levels showed that total protein and globulin statistically significant higher in early lactation cows p=(0.0041, 0.0062) and total biliribin p=(0.0231)
Enzyme activities in milk serum of two outcome groups are presented in Table 3 showed no significant different of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), GGT mean values in tow group of lactating cows (Ρ>0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Multiparous dairy cow puts the production capabilities of cows at risk, which can result in metabolic disorders, In order to predict such disorders and eventual sub clinical diseases it is necessary to determine physiological ranges of biochemical parameters in a clinically healthy herd (Mulligan et al, 2006).Dairy cows are more susceptible to various diseases in the postpartum period when compared to other production periods, due to the negative energy balance, weakened appetite and increasing yield. Blood plasma and serum ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities were reported to be useful for postpartum Holstein cows (Stojević et al, 2005; and Śamanc et al, 2011). While little information is available concerning about the activity changes of ALT, AST, GGT and ALP in milk. The activities of these enzymes were monitored in milk and blood serum of cows (Liu et al, 2012 and 2013). A majority of enzymes which were exist in the breast cells derived from some enzyme of blood and measurement of the activity of such enzymes in milk has been used to monitor udder health in dairy cows (Fox and Kelly, 2006). More practical attention has been given to detection of enzyme activity in milk, and many enzymes have been proposed and listed as reliable markers for early diagnosis of subclinical disease (Babaei et al, 2007; Katsoulos et al, 2010)

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