Abstract
In intelligent transportation systems, the cooperation between vehicles and the road side units is essential to bring these systems to fruition. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a promising technology to enable the communications among vehicles on one hand and between vehicles and road side units on the other hand. However, it is a challenging task to develop a reliable routing algorithm for VANETs due to the high mobility and the frequent changes of the network topology. Communication links are highly vulnerable to disconnection in VANETs; hence, the routing reliability of these ever-changing networks needs to be paid special attention. In this paper, we propose a new vehicular reliability model to facilitate the reliable routing in VANETs. The link reliability is defined as the probability that a direct communication link between two vehicles will stay continuously available over a specified time period. Furthermore, the link reliability value is accurately calculated using the location, direction and velocity information of vehicles along the road. We extend the well-known ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol to propose our reliable routing protocol AODV-R. Simulation results demonstrate that AODV-R outperforms significantly the AODV routing protocol in terms of better delivery ratio and less link failures while maintaining a reasonable routing control overhead.
Highlights
It has been widely accepted by the academic society and industry that the cooperation between vehicles and road transportation systems can significantly improve driver's safety and road efficiency and reduce environmental impact
In order to fulfill the requirements of our proposed reliability-based scheme, we extend ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing messages routing request (RREQ) and routing reply (RREP), and the routing table entries as follows: 1. RREQ message is extended by adding five new fields to its structure as shown in Figure 3a XPos, YPos contain the coordinates of the vehicle that generates/processes this RREQ
7 Conclusion In this paper, we developed a link reliability model based on the vehicular velocity distribution on highways
Summary
It has been widely accepted by the academic society and industry that the cooperation between vehicles and road transportation systems can significantly improve driver's safety and road efficiency and reduce environmental impact. According to [15], the current routing protocols proposed for VANETs can be classified into five categories: the flooding-based routing protocols that broadcast messages over the network; the mobility-based routing protocols, where the mobility information like relative distance, relative velocity, relative acceleration and directions of movement can be used to predict the lifetime/duration of the routing path; the infrastructurebased routing protocols, where the infrastructure such as RSUs, cellular base stations and even routine buses is used to help the robustness and security of VANET communications; the geographic location-based routing protocols, where VANETs can use global positioning system (GPS) location coordinates to find the routes that are geographically closer to the destination vehicle; and the probability-based routing protocols, where the probability theory is used to describe the likelihood of certain events like the probability of link breakage with a certain transmission power or a certain mobility parameter
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