Abstract
Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE) are distinct radar echoes from the Earth’s upper atmosphere between 80 to 90 km altitude that form in layers typically extending only a few km in altitude and often with a wavy structure. The structure is linked to the formation process, which at present is not yet fully understood. Image analysis of PMSE data can help carry out systematic studies to characterize PMSE during different ionospheric and atmospheric conditions. In this paper, we analyze PMSE observations recorded using the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) Very High Frequency (VHF) radar. The collected data comprises of 18 observations from different days. In our analysis, the image data is divided into regions of a fixed size and grouped into three categories: PMSE, ionosphere, and noise. We use statistical features from the image regions and employ Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) for classification. Our results suggest that PMSE regions can be distinguished from ionosphere and noise with around 98 percent accuracy.
Highlights
Mesospheric Summer Echoes UsingRadar observations at mid and high latitudes detect during the Arctic summer months echoes that originate from 80 to 90 km altitude, i.e., in the mesosphere [1]
Our results suggest that Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE) regions can be distinguished from ionosphere and noise with around 98 percent accuracy
Mesospheric Summer Echoes (PMSE) are radio waves scattered at spatial structures in the distribution of the free electrons which form in the presence of ice particles and neutral air turbulence [2,3]
Summary
Radar observations at mid and high latitudes detect during the Arctic summer months echoes that originate from 80 to 90 km altitude, i.e., in the mesosphere [1]. The European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) radars are high-power, large-aperture radars and they detect PMSE They are, primarily designed to study incoherent scatter, a process that depends on electron density and ionization in the Linear Discriminant Analysis. While it issince interesting to study both phenomena at the scatter same time, this complicates the analysis the PMSE signal, and the incoherent signal need to be separated.
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