Abstract
Among cancer treatment methods, targeted therapy using cancer-associated biomarkers has minimum side effects. Recently olfactory receptor (OR) family attracts the researcher’s attention as a favorable biomarker of cancer. Here, a statistical approach using complete data from the human protein atlas database was used to evaluate the potential of OR51J1 gene as a cancer-associated biomarker. To confirm the findings of statistical analysis, the OR51J1 mRNA and protein expression levels in breast tumor and normal tissue were measured using quantitative Real Time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques. The association with clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Statistical analysis revealed that OR51J1 has a high expression level in more than 20 types of cancer tissues without any expression in 44 normal tissues. In 15 cancer types, including breast cancer, expression score was more than 90%. The qRT-PCR analysis in breast cancer showed OR51J1 have significantly higher expression level in tumors than normal tissues (2.91 fold). The IHC results showed OR51J1 expression on other cellular subtypes than tumor and normal cells, including myoepithelium, fibroblast, and lymphocytes. OR51J1 protein expression in invasive cells, as well as its overall score, showed a significant correlation with ER and PR expression and breast cancer (BC) subtypes. Results revealed the potential of OR51J1 as a cancer-associated biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer at the mRNA level.
Highlights
Breast cancer accounts for 25% of all women cancer cases and 12% of all cancer cases [1]
On the other hand according to GEPIA data base there is a level of expression for OR51J1in normal tissue but there are differences with expression in tumor tissues
This difference in expression between tumor and related normal tissues is more seen in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and ovarian serous cyst adeno carcinoma and breast cancers
Summary
Breast cancer accounts for 25% of all women cancer cases and 12% of all cancer cases [1]. Since attacking the cancer tissue will hurt normal cells, it is logical to target some specific markers that are expressed in most neoplastic cells but not in healthy tissues. Many types of cancer have been targeted to inhibit cancer cells without any damage to normal tissues [3]. Cancer targeted therapies are drugs or other substances that react with cancer-specific molecules and block the growth of cancer and have shown much less toxicity than traditional chemotherapy [4]. An ideal tumor marker should be highly specific, highly sensitive, and should be detected by simple cheap tests and obtainable specimens [5]. Most of the anticancer therapies in development are based on identifying targetable gene mutations and marker proteins that lead to more selective prevention methods, diagnosis, and treatment
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
