Investigation of Mutagenic Effects of Synthetic Acidic Textile Dyes by Umu-Test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002)-a Short Term Bacterial Assay

Unal Senel,Murat Demirtas,Koray Celebi,Ahmet Dolunay,Murat E Guveli,Ilkay Senel,Salih Denli

doi:10.5539/ijb.v8n2p85

Abstract

In this study, genotoxic properties of some synthetic acidic dyes were researched by umu-test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002) which is a short term bacterial test. The study analyzed genetoxic activity of Acid Blue 127, Acid Orange 51, Acid Black 63, Acid Yellow 17 and Acid Blue 113 synthetic acidic dyes in presence and absence of S9 fraction used in Textile industry. Solutions of dyes at concentrations of 400 µg/ml, 120 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml were prepared; and biotransformation effects of dyes that undergo chemical modifications on organisms were examined by measuring betagalactosidase activity in presence of liver enzymes by using rat S9 fraction. At the mentioned concentrations the absorbance values of betagalactosidase activity were measured for 5 synthetic acidic dyes and none of them showed mutagenic effect either in presence or absence of S9 fraction. In addition, these results mean that these synthetic acidic dyes are not metabolized with liver enzymes.

Highlights

All living things in the nature are exposed to natural or artificial chemicals
Genotoxic properties of some synthetic acidic dyes were researched by umu-test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002) which is a short term bacterial test
Genotoxic properties of these synthetic acidic dyes were examined through umu-test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002) system (JIMRO, Gunma, Japan) which is a short term mutagenity test

Summary

Introduction

All living things in the nature are exposed to natural or artificial chemicals It has been a matter of discussion that some of such chemicals which are released to environment in a controlled or uncontrolled manner named as pollutants might be mutagenic or carcinogen (Elisangela et al, 2009; He, Hu, & Li, 2004). Such substances that are released to nature by humans and constitute the main effect of pollution cause numerous diseases. As the standardized method of ISO (ISO/CD 13829) (ISO2000) and DIN (DIN 38415-3) (DIN 1996), the SOS/umu test has been extensively applied to detect genotoxicity in different media including airborne particles (Oda et al, 2004), tap water (Shen et al, 2003), reclaimed water (Wu et al, 2010) and industrial wastewater (Dizer et al, 2002)

Methods

Results

Conclusion