Abstract
In the present study, Pea green (E 102 - E 133) is coloring additive for its genotoxic effects and expected antigenotoxic effects of several plant extracts; Hypericum perforatum L., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Lavandula stoechas L. against the food coloring were examined using Wing spot test on Drosophila melonagaster in the laboratory experiments. The Drosophila lar-vae were chronically fed in food mediums where Pea green at 25 g/L, 50 g/L, and 75 g/L concen-trations were experimentally applied. The results showed that Pea green has highly significant results at different exposure concentrations in trans-heterozygous flies (mwh/flr3) and balanc-er-heterozygous flies (mwh/TM3) for inducing the numbers of mutant wing spots compared to control groups (Chi-Square test; df=3, P<0.001). Thus, it seemed that the food coloring is a highly mutagenic agent on Drosophila melanogaster in the laboratory conditions. On the other hand, the concentrations of Pea green were used together different plant extracts at 100 g/L concentra-tion in the mediums. The numbers of mutant wing spots were compared to control groups showed that the three plant extracts have not effects to reduce the mutant spots in mwh/flr3 and mwh/TM3 flies and thus they have not antigenotoxic effects used experimental treatments (Kruskal-Wallis test; df=2, P>0.05) Keywords: Genotoxicity, antigenotoxicity; Pea green; Hypericum perforatum L.; Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Lavandula stoechas L.; Drosophila melanogaster Meigen; Wing spot test DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/95-05 Publication date: November 30 th 2021
Highlights
With the new technologies used in the food industry and the increasing variety of products, the interest in readymade foods is increasing day-by-day with consumer demand(AKBULUT 2011)
With genotoxicity tests and epidemiological studies on Drosophila, mouse, rat, and bacteria, when not used within the limits specified in regulations, the synthetic food colorings have been reported to be carcinogenic when used in order to imitate the high quality (Yentür 1996; Sarıkaya 2010)
Using Wing spot test on D. melanogaster Meigen's mwh and flr3 lines, the present research was conducted in order to determine whether Pea green at 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 75 g/L concentrations have a detrimental effect, Hypericum perforatum L., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. and Lavandula stoechas L. at 100 g/L concentration be successful in reducing the genotoxic effect of the coloring or not
Summary
With the new technologies used in the food industry and the increasing variety of products, the interest in readymade foods is increasing day-by-day with consumer demand(AKBULUT 2011). It has been determined that the level of food colorings used in studies on this subject in our country is well above the statute limits and may have harmful effects in terms of public health(Yentür 1996; Topsoy 1990; Yaman 1996). There is no study carried out on Pea green in Drosophila by using Wing spot test. The plant extracts, widely used among the public and thought to eliminate mutagenic effects, used in the present study was preferred because, in the literature, there is no study carried out on the plant extracts in Drosophila by using Wing spot test. Using Wing spot test on D. melanogaster Meigen's mwh and flr lines, the present research was conducted in order to determine whether Pea green at 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 75 g/L concentrations have a detrimental effect, Hypericum perforatum L., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Using Wing spot test on D. melanogaster Meigen's mwh and flr lines, the present research was conducted in order to determine whether Pea green at 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 75 g/L concentrations have a detrimental effect, Hypericum perforatum L., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. and Lavandula stoechas L. at 100 g/L concentration be successful in reducing the genotoxic effect of the coloring or not
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