Abstract
Decreasing the amount of heating energy in hot forging has been required to alleviate global warming. Some forming conditions of low-friction and high-aspect-ratio billets are effective in reducing load to exchange hot forging to cold forging. It is helpful to decrease the amount of hot forging if other conditions are found to reduce the forming load of high-strength steel. In this study, the effect of the elastic deformation of a forging die on the load is investigated. The load increased when a high-strength material is compressed using a die made of tool steel. Experimental and analytical results show that the flat tool surface has a deep elastic concave, that inhibits the free flow of the material and increases the hydrostatic pressure component, resulting in increases in the surface pressure and load. Therefore, when a cylindrical billet of bearing steel is compressed by 70% using a die made of carbide, the load is reduced by 20% compared with that when using the tool made of tool steel. The tool made of carbide is effective for suppressing the load increase caused by the concave due to elastic deformation.
Published Version
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