Abstract
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are considered as the alternative propulsion systems. In the hybrid systems electrical storage component is the key element. Because size and weight of the battery defines the cost and performance of the overall system. Another major component of a hybrid system is the fuel cell system consisted of a fuel cell stack, a membrane humidifier and hydrogen storage canisters. The power management system (PMS) is a critical component of hybrid electric vehicles. The purpose of the PMS is to maintain the safety and reliability of the battery, state monitoring and evaluation, charge control, and cell balancing. Three light electric vehicles (LEV) equipped a fuel cell-battery hybrid power system have reviewed in the present work. The hybrid power systems reviewed have consisted of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, a lithium battery and a power management unit. They are “Buddy El-Jet Hybrid Vehicle” from Toyota, “Hydrogen–Electric Hybrid Microcab H2EV Vehicle” tested at CABLED project in England and “Norwegian Buddy El-Jet Hybrid System”.
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