Abstract
Advancement in the construction industry causes decline in the availability of natural resources, and this decline can be overcome by utilization of the available raw materials. This study is focused on the combined effects of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and ladle furnace slag (LFS) on fresh and hardened characteristics of self-compacting concrete (SCC) by replacing some fraction of cement and sand. The characteristics of SCC in its fresh state are investigated by workability, while hardened characteristics are investigated by elastic modulus and compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. The findings showed that the workability is enhanced by the incorporation of EVA, while decreased with LFS. Furthermore, all the strength properties were enhanced at all the replacement levels of EVA and LFS except for the splitting tensile strength. The utmost gain in elastic modulus and compressive, tensile, and flexural strength was up to 18, 20, 10, and 15% more by increasing the dosage of LFS while keeping EVA constant.
Highlights
Concrete has a significant role in building most the construction plans throughout the world
Aggregates, cement, and water are the primary ingredients of concrete. e volume covered by the aggregates is approximately 70% in concrete [1]
One of the researchers concluded that adding recycled coarse aggregates and blast furnace as a replacement for coarse aggregates and cement, respectively, may decrease the mechanical properties [9]
Summary
Concrete has a significant role in building most the construction plans throughout the world. Compressive strength of concrete may decrease when fly ash and steel-making slag are incorporated in combination with recycled aggregates [23]. If cement is solely considered a binding material in concrete, it will make the construction more uneconomical and would lead to the hazardous impact on the environment Because of such a rationale, the researchers started studying the effect of substituting cement by blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber), and EVA [33, 34]. Incorporating steel-making slag up to a dosage of 50% as a replacement for sand might decrease the workability of concrete [39], but other authors have obtained good results with electric arc furnace slag as coarse aggregates [40]. Efforts have been made in this study to conclude findings concerning combined influences of EVA and LFS on SCC in its fresh and hardened states
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