Abstract
Potentiometric biosensors based on flexible arrayed silver paste electrode and copper-doped zinc oxide sensing film modified by iron-platinum nanoparticles (FePt NPs) are designed and manufactured to detect lactate in human. The sensing film is made of copper-doped zinc oxide (CZO) by a radio frequency (RF) sputtering system, and then modified by iron-platinum nanoparticles (FePt NPs). The surface morphology of copper-doped zinc oxide (CZO) is analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). FePt NPs are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The average sensitivity, response time, and interference effect of the lactate biosensors are analyzed by voltage-time (V-T) measurement system. The electrochemical impedance is analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The average sensitivity and linearity over the concentration range 0.2–5 mM are 25.32 mV/mM and 0.977 mV/mM, respectively. The response time of the lactate biosensor is 16 s, with excellent selectivity.
Highlights
L-lactic acid (L-LA) is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in the critical care setting, and has been associated with a large increase in mortality [1]
The manufacturing process in this study is relatively simple, and it can be stored at room temperature and has a large measurement range, which improves the performance of this lactate biosensor
The surface morphology and the element contents have been confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EDS analysis
Summary
L-lactic acid (L-LA) is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in the critical care setting, and has been associated with a large increase in mortality [1]. Electrochemical sensors based on redox active enzymes (LOX and LDH enzymes) are widely used due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. Non-enzymatic lactic acid sensors with low cost, high sensitivity, fast response time, and repeatability are being studied [11], such as biomimetic lactate imprinted smart polymers [12] and various nanostructured metal oxides such nickel oxide (NiO) [13] and zinc oxide (ZnO) [14]. A non-enzymatic lactic acid sensor has the problem of being susceptible to interference and low sensitivity, so that we use Cu-doped ZnO to provide a more stable sensing film. FePt can produce electrochemical reactions and is an ideal catalyst for slow redox processes It can act as an active component for effectively accelerating the electron transfer between the electrode and analyte, which leads to a rapid current response and a reduced overpotential for electrochemical reactions [18]. We have added FePt NPs to accelerate the redox process of lactic acid and the electron transfer between the electrode and the analyte, for enhancing the sensor’s sensing ability
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