Investigation of Epstein-Barr Virus antibodies by ELISA and IFA Methods

Abstract

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), play role in etiology of malignancies as Burkitt Lymphoma and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma alongside very common situation like Infectious Mononucleosis. Also in patients groups, like transplant and oncologic patients whose immune system especially depressed detection of EBV reactivation is important. In this study, investigation of results defined by Immunofluorescent Antibody (IFA) and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) methods aimed. Between 2017 July and 2020 July in our laboratory, With 7455 samples Anti-VCA IgM results detected by the ELISA method were 3.9% positive, 94.1% negative, and 3% borderline. With 5510 samples Anti-VCA IgG results detected by the ELISA method were 82,3% positive, 16.1% negative, and 1.6% borderline. With 449 samples, 32.9% of Anti-VCA IgM, 96.8% of Anti-VCA IgG,55% of Anti-EA IgG, and 93.5% of Anti-EBNA antibody results detected by the IFA method were positive. Positive Anti-VCA IgM results were 3% by ELISA and 25% by the IFA, positive Anti-VCA IgG results were 96.3% by ELISA and 98% by IFA. ELISA Anti-VCA IgG sensitivity was found to be 96.3% and ELISA Anti-VCA IgM sensitivity was found to be 12.9% in statistical analysis, considering IFA as the gold standard. For serological diagnosis of acute EBV infection or reactivation of latent infection EBV Anti-VCA IgM, Anti-VCA IgG, Anti-EBNA IgG, Anti-EA IgG, and Anti-VCA IgG avidity antibodies should be evaluated together.