Abstract
Exhaust emissions especially from light duty gasoline engine are a major contributor to air pollution due to the large number of vehicles on the road. The purpose of this study is to experimentally analyse the exhaust pollutant emissions of a four-stroke port fuel spark ignition engines operating using secondary butyl alcohol–gasoline blends by percentage volume of 5% (GBu5), 10% (GBu10) and 15% (GBu15) of secondary butyl- alcohol (2-butanol) additives in gasoline fuels at 50% of wide throttle open. The exhaust emissions characteristics of the engine using blended fuels was compared to the exhaust emissions of the engine with gasoline fuels (G100) as a reference fuels. Exhaust emissions analysis results show that all of the blended fuels produced lower CO by 8.6%, 11.6% and 24.8% for GBu5, GBu10 and GBu15 respectively from 2500 to 4000 RPM, while for HC, both GBu10 and GBu15 were lower than that G100 fuels at all engine speeds. In general, when the engine was operated using blended fuels, the engine produced lower CO and HC, but higher CO2.
Highlights
Climatic change of the earth have triggered a global warning to each corner of this earth due to its adverse effects to each living creatures
Incomplete combustion and poor mixing of air and fuel are the major causes of CO productions [33].In Figure 3 presents effects of sec-butanol additions in gasoline fuels to the carbon monoxides (CO) emissions index (EI)
The average reduction of CO emissions was calculated for blended fuels compared to G100 fuels in order to distinguish the effects of sec-butanol addition in G100 fuels
Summary
Climatic change of the earth have triggered a global warning to each corner of this earth due to its adverse effects to each living creatures. Perhaps one of the potential solution that could possibly bring back the balanced in energy consumption and the climatic change in this world is by introducing the biofuel in the transportation areas[67]. The use of alternative clean biofuels such as methanol, ethanol and butanol is one of the method to reduce the dependency on the energy demand for fossilized fuels in spark ignition engine [8,9,10]. Butanol is a four carbon chain of alcohol types It exist in four types of isomers; 1-butanol, 2-butanol, tert-butanol and isobutanol. Compared to methanol and ethanol butanol have the nearest fuel properties similarity to the gasoline fuel such as stoichiometric air fuel ratio, latent heating value, energy content, octane number and auto ignition temperature make it more suitable to be blended with gasoline fuel [14,15,16]. With all of the advantages offered by butanol without doubt it has been proposed as a generation biofuel as an alternative to the conventional fuels [17,18]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
